What are the differences between the Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin/Tpo Proteins (Catalog #s 288-TP, 288-TPN, and 288-TPE)?

Name: Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin (E. coli-expressed), CF
Brand: R&D Systems
SKU: 288-TPE

Each of these proteins is produced using a different expression system. 288-TP is Spodoptera frugiperda, Sf21 baculovirus-derived; 288-TPN is mouse myeloma cell line, NS0-derived; and 288-TPE is E. coli-derived.Additionally, the sequence length also varies. 288-TP and 288-TPN begin at Ser22 and end at Gly353. 288-TPE also begins at Ser22 but is truncated at the C-terminus, ending at Leu195. Truncation of the C-terminus has been shown to enhance the biological activity of Tpo.

Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin (E. coli-expressed), CF Best Seller

Catalog # 288-TPE | R&D Systems, Inc. a Bio-Techne Brand

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Key Product Details

Source:	E. coli
Accession #:	NP_000451
Applications:	Bioactivity

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Product Specifications for Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin (E. coli-expressed), CF

Source	E. coli-derived human Thrombopoietin/Tpo protein Ser22-Leu195
Purity	>95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
Endotoxin level	<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
N-terminal sequence Analysis	Ala-Ser22
Predicted Molecular Mass	18.7 kDa
SDS-PAGE	18.7 kDa
Activity	Measured in a cell proliferation assay using MO7e human megakaryocytic leukemic cells. Avanzi, G. et al. (1988) Br. J. Haematol. 69:359. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.05-0.5 ng/mL.

Scientific Data Examples for Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin (E. coli-expressed), CF

	Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin (E. coli-expressed) Bioactivity Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin/Tpo (Catalog # 288-TPE) stimulates proliferation in the MO7e human megakaryocytic leukemic cell line. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.05-0.5 ng/mL, which is more than 2-fold more active than two competitors'.
	Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin (E. coli-expressed) SDS-PAGE 2 μg/lane of Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin/Tpo was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by Coomassie® Blue staining, showing bands at 19 kDa and 18 kDa, respectively.

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

288-TPE

Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Sodium Acetate.
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile, deionized water.
Shipping	The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage:	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, ≤ -20 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

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Background: Thrombopoietin/Tpo

Thrombopoietin (Tpo), is a key regulator of megakaryocytopoiesis and thrombopoiesis. It is principally produced in the liver and is bound and internalized by the receptor Tpo R/c-mpl. Defects in the Tpo-Tpo R signaling pathway are associated with a variety of platelet disorders (1-3). The 353 amino acid (aa) human Tpo precursor is cleaved to yield the 332 aa mature protein. Mature human Tpo shares approximately 70% aa sequence homology with mouse and rat Tpo. It is an 80‑85 kDa protein that consists of an N‑terminal domain with homology to Erythropoietin (Epo) and a C‑terminal domain that contains multiple N‑linked and O-linked glycosylation sites (4, 5). Tissue specific alternate splicing of human Tpo generates multiple isoforms with internal deletions, insertions, and/or C‑terminal substitutions (6). Tpo promotes the differentiation, proliferation, and maturation of MK and their progenitors (4, 5, 7). Several other cytokines can promote these functions as well but only in cooperation with Tpo (8, 9). Notably, IL-3 independently induces MK development, although its effects are restricted to early in the MK lineage (8, 9). Tpo additionally promotes platelet production, aggregation, ECM adhesion, and activation (10-13). It is cleaved by platelet-derived thrombin following Arg191 within the C‑terminal domain and subsequently at other sites upon extended digestion (14). Both full length Tpo and shorter forms circulate in the plasma, with the shorter, N‑terminal EPO-like domain forms showing significantly increased specific activity (4, 5, 15). The C‑terminal domain is not required for binding to Tpo R or inducing MK growth and differentiation (5). Aside from its hematopoietic effects, Tpo is expressed in the brain where it promotes the apoptosis of hypoxia-sensitized neurons and inhibits neuronal differentiation by blocking NGF induced signaling (16, 17).

Item	Value
References	Deutsch, V.R. and A. Tomer (2006) Br. J. Haematol. 134:453. Kaushansky, K. (2005) J. Clin. Invest. 115:3339. Li, J. et al. (1999) Br. J. Haematol. 106:345. Bartley, T.D. et al. (1994) Cell 77:1117. de Sauvage, F.J. et al. (1994) Nature 369:533. Marcucci, R. and M. Romano (2008) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1782:427. Kaushansky, K. et al. (1994) Nature 369:568. Kaushansky, K. et al. (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 92:3234. Broudy, V.C. et al. (1995) Blood 85:1719. Lok, S.I. et al. (1994) Nature 369:565. Chen, J. et al. (1995) Blood 86:4054. Oda, A. et al. (1996) Blood 87:4664. Van Os, E. et al. (2003) Br. J. Haematol. 121:482. Kato, T. et al. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 94:4669. Foster, D. & Hunt, P. (1997) Thrombopoiesis and Thrombopoietins 13:203. Ehrenreich, H. et al. (2005) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 102:862. Samoylenko, A. et al. (2008) Cell. Signal. 20:154.
Entrez Gene IDs	7066 (Human); 21832 (Mouse); 81811 (Rat)
Alternate Names	MGDF, MGDFC-mpl ligand, MK-CSF, MKCSF, ML, MPL ligand, MPLLG, MPLLGMGC163194, Megakaryocyte colony-stimulating factor, Megakaryocyte growth and development factor, Myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene ligand, THCYT1, THPO, TPOMKCSF, Thrombopoietin, Tpo, megakaryocyte stimulating factor, thrombopoietin nirs variant 1

Citations for Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin (E. coli-expressed), CF

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FAQs for Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin (E. coli-expressed), CF

What are the differences between the Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin/Tpo Proteins (Catalog #s 288-TP, 288-TPN, and 288-TPE)?

Each of these proteins is produced using a different expression system. 288-TP is Spodoptera frugiperda, Sf21 baculovirus-derived; 288-TPN is mouse myeloma cell line, NS0-derived; and 288-TPE is E. coli-derived.

Additionally, the sequence length also varies. 288-TP and 288-TPN begin at Ser22 and end at Gly353. 288-TPE also begins at Ser22 but is truncated at the C-terminus, ending at Leu195. Truncation of the C-terminus has been shown to enhance the biological activity of Tpo.

Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin (E. coli-expressed), CF Best Seller

Catalog # 288-TPE | R&D Systems, Inc. a Bio-Techne Brand

Key Product Details

Product Specifications for Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin (E. coli-expressed), CF

Scientific Data Examples for Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin (E. coli-expressed), CF

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

Carrier Free

Reconstitution Calculator

Background: Thrombopoietin/Tpo

Citations for Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin (E. coli-expressed), CF

FAQs for Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin (E. coli-expressed), CF

Product Documents for Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin (E. coli-expressed), CF

Product Datasheets

COA

Certificate of Analysis

SDS

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